Organisation von Wissen. Zwischen Offenheit und Exklusivität

Dauerhafte URI für die Sammlung

https://www.weizenbaum-library.de/handle/id/308
Dieser Forschungsschwerpunkt beschäftigt sich mit Fragen zur Arbeitswelt, dem Bildungssystem und der Wissenschaft. Vor allem: Wie offen bzw. exklusiv werden Daten und Wissen hier verarbeitet und organisiert? Dabei wird auf Perspektiven aus der Informatik, Wirtschaftsinformatik, Soziologie und Innovationsforschung zurückgegriffen.

Listen

Auflistung Organisation von Wissen. Zwischen Offenheit und Exklusivität nach Autor:in "Butollo, Florian"

Gerade angezeigt 1 - 12 von 12
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Algorithmic Management in the Food Delivery Sector – A Contested Terrain? Evidence from a Form-Level Case-Study on Algorithmic Management and Co-Determination
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Wotschack, Philip; Hellbach, Leon; Butollo, Florian; Ziour, Jordi
    Forms of algorithmic management (AM) play an essential role in organizing food delivery work by deploying AI-based systems for coordinating driver routes. Given the risks of precarity and threats posed by AM that are typically related to (migrant) platform work, the question arises to what extent structures of co-determination are able to positively shape this type of work and the technologies involved. Based on an intense case-study in a large food delivery company, this paper is guided by three questions: (1) How is algorithm-based management and control used by the company? (2) How is it perceived by the couriers, also in relation to other aspects of their work? (3) What are the works council’s priorities, strategies, and achievements regarding co-determination practices? Contrary to the prevalent perception in the literature on the subject of AM, our analysis shows that human agency is still pivotal when algorithm-based systems are used to manage work processes. While data- and AM-related issues do not represent a central area of conflict, we find that co-determination rights in this domain can translate into a powerful bargaining resource of the works council with regard to the companies’ digital business model. Our study also shows that algorithmic management poses problems of non-transparency and information asymmetry, which calls for new forms and procedures of co-determination.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    COVID-19 as a Jump Start for Industry 4.0? Motivations and Core Areas of Pandemic-Related Investments in Digital Technologies at German Firms
    (2023) Butollo, Florian; Flemming, Jana; Gerber, Christine; Krzywdzinski, Martin; Wandjo, David; Delicat, Nina; Herzog, Lorena
    Academic studies prior to the pandemic rather emphasized that the progression towards Industry 4.0 happened in an incremental manner. However, the extraordinary circumstances of the pandemic have led to considerable investments that were widely interpreted as a (generalized) digitalization push. However, little is known about the character of such investments and their effects. The goal of this contribution is to provide an empirically based overview of recent investment in digital technologies in six economic sectors of the German economy: mechanical engineering, chemicals, automotives, logistics, healthcare, and financial services. Based on 36 case studies and a survey at 540 companies, we investigate the following questions: 1. How much did the COVID-19 pandemic reduce existing obstacles for investments in digitalization measures? 2. Is there a universal digitalization push due to the COVID-19 pandemic that differs from the trajectory before the pandemic? The results show that the pandemic affected investment in an unequal manner. It was driven by the immediate need to sustain business operations through the virtualization of communication among employees and with external partners. However, there was less dynamism in shop-floor-related digitalization, as it was less related to epidemiological concerns and is more long-term in nature.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Data and Digital Platforms in Industry: Implication for enterprises strategies and governance
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2021) Butollo, Florian; Schneidemesser, Lea
    This article explores the position of industrial internet platforms (IIP) in manufacturing value chains. We develop an understanding of the role of data in global value chains (GVCs), referring to literature on intangible assets and theories on platform business models. We use data from a qualitative empirical study based on 45 interviews on platforms active on the German market to answer (1) whether there are tendencies of oligopolization that lead to an accumulation of power on the side of the platforms, and (2) whether it is the platforms that capture most of the gains derived from higher productivity or lower transaction costs. The analysis shows that platforms mainly act as service providers and/or intermediaries that support manufacturing companies in reaping benefits from data. While the relationship between platforms and manufacturers currently corresponds to a symbiosis, a stronger power imbalance could evolve in the future since processes of oligopolization are likely.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Deglobalization, Reconfiguration, or Business as Usual? COVID-19 and the limits of reshoring of globalized production
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2022) Butollo, Florian; Staritz, Cornelia
    The COVID-19 pandemic has seemingly reinforced the need for geographic restructuring and a rehoring of production, as it has demonstrated the vulnerability of globalized production. This article provides an assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on the geographies of production, looking particularly at developments in the automotive, electronics, and clothing industries. Criticizing overly simplified prospects for deglobalization, we argue that the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be interpreted as a trigger for a general retreat from global manufacturing but rather as an event that is reinforcing long-standing shifts toward more multipolar production and consumption. While the issue of global production network resilience has attracted great attention in corporate strategies and industrial policies, re- or nearshoring of production networks is only one of several strategies and it has hardly been implemented so far. Ongoing disruptions and, above all, geoeconomically/-politically and environmentally motivated policies could well lead to a shift in investment and sourcing patterns. Political efforts in this direction are, however, limited by pre-existing global economic development paths and the balance of power associated with them.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Digitalisierung und die Pandemie – aus der Krise lernen
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2024-04) Gerber, Christine; Cooiman, Franziska; Butollo, Florian; Krzywdzinski, Martin; Wandjo, David; Danyeli, Matthias; Delicat, Nina; Herzog, Lorena
    Die vorliegende Studie skizziert, welche Technologien und Anwendungen im Zuge der Pandemie in Unternehmen an Bedeutung gewonnen haben und welche Ressourcen ihnen bei der Digitalisierung zugutekamen. Die Befunde basieren auf 34 qualitativen Fallstudien in sechs Sektoren (Maschinenbau, Logistik, Automobil, Chemie, Finanzen, Gesundheit) sowie einer quantitativen Befragung von 540 Betrieben. Die Pandemie hat v.a. die Virtualisierung von Kommunikation und Interaktion in Betrieben vorangetrieben. Auf Automatisierungsprozesse hatte die Pandemie wenig unmittelbaren Einfluss. Zugleich zeigen die Befunde, dass Digitalisierungsprozesse in komplexen und sozialen Kontexten verortet sind und vielfältige Ressourcen (technisch, organisatorisch, finanziell) und Bedingungen (Unternehmenskultur, regulatorische Rahmenbedingungen) benötigen. Vielmehr als einen allgemeinen Digitalisierungsschub verstärkte sich die Kluft zwischen Digitalisierungsvorreiter\*innen und -nachzügler\*innen. Abschließend formuliert die Studie Handlungsempfehlungen an Politik und Sozialpartner\*innen.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Industrieller E-Commerce. Verfügbarmachung und Transformation von Wertschöpfung in der Teilefertigungsbranche
    (Springer Fachmedien, 2024) Butollo, Florian; Schneidemesser, Lea; Scheffler, Simon; Pfeiffer, Sabine; Nicklich, Manuel; Henke, Michael; Heßler, Martina; Krzywdzinski, Martin; Schulz-Schaeffer, Ingo
    In unserem Beitrag analysieren wir distributionszentrierte Ansätze der Digitalisierung industrieller Produktion. Anhand einer Sektorstudie der Teilefertigung beschreiben wir drei Unternehmenstypen, die mit ihren Geschäftsmodellen distributionszentrierte Digitalisierungsansätze verfolgen: Online Kontraktfertiger, Digitale Fertigungsplattformen und Plattformalternativen. Empirische Grundlage sind Fallstudien und Expert*inneninterviews (insgesamt 35 Interviews) als auch ein Onlinesurvey unter 50 Teilefertigern. Im Fokus unserer Analyse stehen die Beschaffenheit neu entstehender Geschäftsmodelle, die Governance der Beziehungen zwischen Digitalunternehmen, ihren Kunden und den etablierten Unternehmen der Branche sowie die räumliche Reorganisation von Produktion und Arbeit. Aus der Perspektive der KMU der Teilefertigungsbranche birgt der Wandel Gefahren einer Verdrängung durch Online Kontraktfertiger und eines verschärften Kostenwettlaufs durch digitale Fertigungsplattformen, die eine größere Transparenz und Vergleichbarkeit der (globalen) Anbieter ermöglichen. Zugleich ermöglichen digitale Vermittlungsformen verbesserte Marktzugänge und Potenziale zur Aufwertung kleinbetrieblicher Produktionsstrukturen. Die Frage, welche Ansätze sich dabei durchsetzen und welche Regulierungsmöglichkeiten ggf. genutzt werden, hat einen hohen Stellenwert für die Entwicklung der Räumlichkeit der Produktion und die Gestaltung von Arbeitsverhältnissen innerhalb der jeweiligen Pfade.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Organisationswandel und Wahrnehmung der Akzeptanz von Digitalisierungsprozessen in Unternehmen infolge der COVID-19-Pandemie
    (Springer VS, 2024) Delicat, Nina; Herzog, Lorena; Krzywdzinski, Martin; Butollo, Florian; Wandjo, David; Flemming, Jana; Gerber, Christine; Danyeli, Matthias; Pfeiffer, Sabine; Nicklich, Manuel; Henke, Michael; Heßler, Martina; Krzywdzinski, Martin; Schulz-Schaeffer, Ingo
    Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Akzeptanz von Digitalisierungs- und Automatisierungsprozessen. Untersucht wird, welche Digitalisierungsmaßnahmen während der Covid-19-Pandemie vorangetrieben wurden, inwieweit und wie diese Maßnahmen mit organisatorischen Veränderungen kombiniert wurden und wie sich die Akzeptanz der Digitalisierung durch die Beschäftigten aus der Sicht des Managements und der Betriebsräte während der Covid-19-Pandemie entwickelt hat. Für die Analyse wurden Daten aus zwei Wellen einer Unternehmensbefragung von jeweils 500–600 Unternehmen sowie 34 Fallstudien in sechs Branchen ausgewertet: der Automobilindustrie, der Chemieindustrie, dem Maschinen- und Anlagenbau, der Logistikbranche, der Gesundheitsbranche und dem Finanzdienstleistungssektor.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Promoting human-centred AI in the workplace. Trade unions and their strategies for regulating the use of AI in Germany
    (2022) Krzywdzinski, Martin; Gerst, Detlef; Butollo, Florian
    The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the world of work. For trade unions, the issue of how to regulate the use of AI is a central but difficult topic because the technology is still at an early stage and experience on its use limited. Focusing on Germany, this article addresses the following questions: (1) what areas of application and use cases for AI are relevant for trade unions and works councils?, (2) what role do trade union positions and demands play in the political discussion on regulating the use of AI?, (3) what strategies are trade unions using to influence the regulation and use of AI in the workplace?, and (4) what experiences are they gaining during this process? Reviewing trade union strategies, this article shows which concepts of human-centred AI the trade unions are trying to promote, how they try to ensure that works councils and trade unionists get appropriate training to understand the new technologies, and how dealing with AI is changing the way works councils work. The article also shows how the characteristics of the German system of industrial relations influence discussions on AI and the processes of implementing it in the workplace.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    The Rebound Effects of Automation
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2024-04) Butollo, Florian
    This contribution argues for a shift in the paradigms by which we assess the impact of automation on work. The suggested theoretical lens provides an explanation for the paradox of rising employment figures despite continuous automation. Capitalist development entails tendencies of rising complexity and acceleration of economic relationships, tendencies that are taken to extremes in digital capitalism. Therefore, we need to acknowledge countertendencies to a substitution of work, framed as three rebound effects of automation: rising complexity of production and the division of labour, work related to the introduction of automation and work needed to mitigate the societal consequences of capitalist development. Using short case studies on work in logistics, industry and care, the implementation of digital technology is shown to be partly motivated by the labour market situation – automation technologies are introduced to mitigate labour shortages. However, the case studies also illustrate the exuberant expectations about the effects of digitalisation in this respect. While the narratives behind the introduction of digital technologies are heavily shaped by the motivation to combat labour shortages, the actual technologies are barely equipped to do so. Conflicts about the (relief from) an excessive burden at work begin to take on centre stage in industrial relations.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Uncertain futures of work: The perception of generative AI in knowledge professions
    (Nomos, 2025) Butollo, Florian; Haase, Jennifer; Katzinski, Ann-Kathrin; Krüger, Anne K.; Kox, Thomas; Ullrich, André; Zech, Herbert
    The application of generative AI (GenAI) tools has led to widespread speculation about the implications of technological change for the future of cognitive work. This article provides insights on how the use of GenAI affects work practices in the fields of IT programming, science and coaching based on expert interviews and a quantitative survey among users of GenAI. Specifically, we ask about perceptions on skills, creativity, and authenticity, which we regard as key qualities of cognitive work. Contrary to widespread expectations that AI use would hollow out or substitute aspects of cognitive work, we find that there is a strong awareness for the meaning of the professional core in each field. We conclude that the use of AI provokes reflections about the meaning of human work in operating AI tools adequately and taking on responsibility for their results, thereby rather reinforcing its relevance.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Unravelling the Role of Data in Industrial Value Chains
    (2025) Schneidemesser, Lea; Butollo, Florian
    This article explores the growing importance of data in global value chains (GVC) and its impact on power relations. We ask (1) how data becomes valuable in GVC, (2) how different types of data are used and (3) how this affects power relations among actors in GVC. We conceptualise data as increasingly important for the development of intangible assets, combining the literatures on intangible assets in GVC and the political economy of data. Based on 88 interviews with practitioners and experts involved in digital business models in Germany, we propose a data typology as an instrument to analyse the effects of data use in GVC based on the origin of data: transactions, product use and processes. We then apply the typology to three case studies of data use in GVC, analysing what kind of intangibles data contribute to and how this leads to upgrading and changes in value chain governance. We argue that data use in industrial value chains does not lead to the concentration of power in the hands of data monopolies. Instead, the creation of value from data rests on a division of labour, with various actors competing for shares of the captured value.
  • Vorschaubild
    Item
    Zwei Welten der KI in der Arbeitswelt: Wie Management und Betriebsräte die Einführung und Nutzung von KI-Anwendungen gestalten
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2024) Krzywdzinski, Martin; Wotschack, Philip; Butollo, Florian; Ottaiano, Mario; Schneidemesser, Lea; Schneiß, Daniel
    Die vorliegende Befragung von 385 Managern und 224 Betriebsräten in besonders KI-affinen Branchen und Betrieben zeigt, dass der Einsatz von KI-Anwendungen dort immer mehr an Dynamik gewinnt. Etwa die Hälfte der befragten Betriebe nutzen mindestens eine KI-Anwendung im Regelbetrieb. Wenn Pilotprojekte berücksichtigt werden, steigt der Anteil der Betriebe mit KI-Anwendungen auf etwa zwei Drittel. Besonders verbreitet ist der Einsatz von KI-Anwendungen in den Funktionsbereichen IT, Verwaltung sowie Vertrieb und Marketing. Die zentralen Ziele der Einführung von KI sind die Automatisierung von Arbeitsschritten und Stärkung der Effizienz der Prozesse. Fast zwei Drittel der befragten Betriebe experimentieren allerdings auch und führen KI-Anwendungen zur Erprobung des Potentials der Technik ein. Die zentralen Herausforderungen für die Unternehmen beziehen sich auf die Rekrutierung qualifizierten Personals und Fragen der Datenbereitstellung, wie die Absicherung gegen Datenschutzrisiken oder Sicherung der Datenqualität. Es wird zudem ein dringender Handlungsbedarf bei den Ausbildungsinstitutionen gesehen, um der rasant steigenden Nachfrage nach KI-Fachkräften zu entsprechen.