Digitale Infrastrukturen in der Demokratie

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Auflistung Digitale Infrastrukturen in der Demokratie nach Forschungsgruppen "Technik, Macht und Herrschaft"

Gerade angezeigt 1 - 16 von 16
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    Algorithmen der Alterität - Alterität der Algorithmen. Überlegungen zu einem komplexen Verhältnis
    (2023) Berg, Sebastian; Koster, Ann-Kathrin; Matzner, Tobias; Maschewski, Felix; Nosthoff, Anna-Verena
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    Constitucionalismo Digital: contradições de um conceito impreciso
    (2022) Pereira, Jane Reis Gonçalves; Iglesias Keller, Clara
    Resumo O presente artigo mapeia os usos da expressão constitucionalismo digital, empregada nas discussões recentes de regulação de tecnologias digitais e, em especial, plataformas de Internet. Nosso objetivo principal é indicar as contradições e riscos colocados na dilatação do termo “constitucionalismo” para englobar os fenômenos normativos que hoje correm sob o rótulo. À luz da compreensão do constitucionalismo tradicional como fenômeno político e institucional, são identificadas as teorias que precedem o constitucionalismo digital como formulações contemporâneas que visam explicar as mudanças no funcionamento dos poderes e sistemas normativos que ultrapassam ou sobrepõem o estado-nação e seus limites territoriais (i.e., pluralismo constitucional, constitucionalismo societal e constitucionalismo global). A partir das críticas da literatura a essa matriz teórica, o constitucionalismo digital é problematizado como termo epistemicamente prejudicado pela diversidade de aplicações e pelo potencial de legitimação de concentração de poderes privados. , Abstract This paper maps the uses of the expression digital constitutionalism, as employed in recent debates about digital technologies regulation (in particular, digital platforms). Our goal is to highlight discrepancies and risks implied in the dilatation of the term "constitutionalism" to encompass the normative phenomena that run under this label. In light of the understanding of traditional constitutionalism as a political and institutional phenomenon, we identify the theories that precede digital constitutionalism as contemporary formulations aimed at explaining changes in the functioning of powers and normative systems that transcend or overlap the nation-state and its territorial boundaries (i.e., constitutional pluralism, societal constitutionalism, and global constitutionalism). Based on the literature's criticism of this theoretical matrix, digital constitutionalism is problematized as a term epistemically impaired by the diversity of applications and the potential to legitimize concentrations of private powers.
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    Democratic legitimacy in global platform governance
    (2021) Haggart, Blayne; Iglesias Keller, Clara
    The goal of this paper is to propose a democratic legitimacy framework for evaluating platform-goverance proposals, and in doing so clarify terms of debate in this area, allowing for more nuanced policy assessments. It applies a democratic legitimacy framework originally created to assess the European Union's democratic bona fides – Vivian Schmidt's (2013) modification of Scharpf's (1999) well-known taxonomy of forms of democratic legitimacy – to various representative platform governance proposals and policies. The first section discusses briefly the issue of legitimacy in internet and platform governance, while the second outlines our analytical framework. The second section describes the three forms of legitimacy that, according to this framework, are necessary for democratic legitimation: input, throughput and output legitimacy. The third section demonstrates our framework's utility by applying it to four paradigmatic proposals/regimes: Facebook's Oversight Board (self-governance regimes); adjudication-focused proposals such as the Manila Principles for Intermediary Liability (rule-of-law-focused regimes); the human-rights-focused framework proposed by then-UN Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression; and the United Kingdom's Online Harms White Paper (domestic regime). Section four describes our four main findings regarding the case studies: non-state proposals seem to focus on throughput legitimacy; input legitimacy requirements are frequently under examined; state regulation is usually side-lined as a policy option; and output legitimacy is a limited standard to be adopted in supranational contexts. We conclude that only by considering legitimacy as a multifaceted phenomenon based in democratic accountability will it be possible to design platform-governance models that will not only stand the test of time, but will also be accepted by the people whose lives they affect.
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    Don’t Shoot the Message: Regulating Disinformation Beyond Content
    (2021) Iglesias Keller, Clara
    This paper approaches regulatory strategies against disinformation with two main goals: (i) exploring the policies recently implemented in different legal contexts to provide insight into both the risks they pose to free speech and their potential to address the rationales that motivated them, and (ii) to do so by bridging policy debates and recent social and communications studies findings on disinformation. An interdisciplinary theoretical framework informs both the paper’s scope (anchored on understandings of regulatory strategies and of disinformation) and the analysis of the legitimate motivations for states to establish statutory regulation that aims at disinformation. Departing from this analysis, I suggest an organisation of recently implemented and proposed policies into three groups based on their regulatory target: content, data, and structure. Combining the analysis of these three types of policies with the theoretical framework, I will argue that, in the realm of statutory regulation that aims at disinformation. Departing from this analysis, I suggest an organisation of recently implemented and proposed policies into three groups based on their regulatory target: content, data, and structure. Combining the analysis of these three types of policies with the theoretical framework, I will argue that, in the realm of statutory regulation, state action is better off targeted at data or structure, as aiming at content represents disproportional risks to freedom of expression. Furthermore, content targeted regulation shows little potential to address the structural transformations on the public sphere of communications that, among other factors, influence current practices of production and spread of disinformation.
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    Im Maschinenraum politischer Repräsentation: Über den Umgang mit politischen Grundbegriffen in der digitalen Konstellation
    (Nomos, 2023) Berg, Sebastian; Adler-Bartels, Tobias; Altenburger, Sven; Frick, Verena; Schottdorf, Tobias; Stein, Tine
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    Innovating Democracy?
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Thiel, Thorsten; Berg, Sebastian; Rakowski, Niklas; Clute-Simon, Veza
    The article concerns the case of #WirVsVirus, a civic hackathon organized in reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic and officially endorsed by Germany’s federal government. It aims to address the normative implications of this politically oriented technological format. Specifically, it asks how civic hackathons formulate and negotiate different political representation claims. Our analysis shows that the hackathon constituted a successful representative claim on behalf of civic tech initiatives vis-à-vis the administrative state. While this claim primarily concerned establishing a new format for efficient and subsidiary problem-solving in the wake of the crisis, the hackathon’s participatory promises have only been partially fulfilled. The hackathon was rather open to input from civil society, enabling it to attract substantial public interest. Nonetheless, its technological-organizational structure and competitive, solution-oriented procedures meant that decision-making power remained largely with the hackathon’s organizers.
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    Queer Reflections on AI: Uncertain Intelligences
    (Routledge, 2023) Klipphahn-Karge, Michael; Koster, Ann-Kathrin; dos Santos Bruss, Santa Morais
    This volume offers a socio-technical exploration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the way it reflects and reproduces certain normative representations of gender and sexuality, to ultimately guide more diverse and radical discussions of life with digital technologies. Moving beyond the examination of empirical examples and technical solutions, the book approaches the relationship between queerness and AI from a theoretical perspective that posits queer theory as central to understanding AI differently. The chapters pose questions about the politics and ethics of machine embodiments and data imaginaries on the one hand, and about technical possibilities for a production of social identities characterised by shifting diversity and multiplicity on the other, as they are mediated by and through digital technologies. Transgressing disciplinary boundaries to engage a diversity of conceptual tools, critical approaches, and theoretical traditions, this book will be an important resource for students and researchers of gender and sexuality, new media and digital cultures, cultural theory, art and visual culture, and AI.
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    Queere KI. Zum Coming-out smarter Maschinen
    (transcript, 2022) Klipphahn-Karge, Michael; Koster, Ann-Kathrin; Morais Dos Santos Bruss, Sara
    Gängige Formen von Diskriminierung sowie die Reproduktion normativer Stereotype sind auch bei künstlicher Intelligenz an der Tagesordnung. Die Beitragenden erläutern Möglichkeiten der Reduktion dieser fehlerhaften Verfahrensweisen und verhandeln die ambivalente Beziehung zwischen Queerness und KI aus einer interdisziplinären Perspektive. Parallel dazu geben sie einem queer-feministischen Wissensverständnis Raum, das sich stets als partikular, vieldeutig und unvollständig versteht. Damit eröffnen sie Möglichkeiten des Umgangs mit KI, die reduktive Kategorisierungen überschreiten können.
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    Rethinking Transparency as a Communicative Constellation
    (ACM, 2023) Eyert, Florian; Lopez, Paola
    In this paper we make the case for an expanded understanding of transparency. Within the now extensive FAccT literature, transparency has largely been understood in terms of explainability. While this approach has proven helpful in many contexts, it falls short of addressing some of the more fundamental issues in the development and application of machine learning, such as the epistemic limitations of predictions and the political nature of the selection of fairness criteria. In order to render machine learning systems more democratic, we argue, a broader understanding of transparency is needed. We therefore propose to view transparency as a communicative constellation that is a precondition for meaningful democratic deliberation. We discuss four perspective expansions implied by this approach and present a case study illustrating the interplay of heterogeneous actors involved in producing this constellation. Drawing from our conceptualization of transparency, we sketch implications for actor groups in different sectors of society.
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    TechDo Digest 1x1: March 2023
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2023-03) Burmeister, Ben; Katzy-Reinshagen, Anna; Weizenbaum Institute Research Group „Technology, Power, and Domination“
    The TechDo Digest is the literature overview of the research group "Technology, Power and Domination" at the Weizenbaum Institute. Every two to three months, the group curates a list of relevant new publications within their field, focussing on analyses of structures of power and domination in digitalized societies, changes to democratic processes, regulation of and through technology, and the contestation of digital technologies. This edition features articles that appeared between January and February 2023.
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    TechDo Digest 1x2: May 2023
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2023-05) Burmeister, Ben; Katzy-Reinshagen, Anna; Weizenbaum Institute Research Group „Technology, Power, and Domination“
    The TechDo Digest is the literature overview of the research group "Technology, Power and Domination" at the Weizenbaum Institute. Every two to three months, the group curates a list of relevant new publications within their field, focussing on analyses of structures of power and domination in digitalized societies, changes to democratic processes, regulation of and through technology, and the contestation of digital technologies. This edition features articles that appeared between March and April 2023.
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    TechDo Digest 1x3: July 2023
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2023-07) Burmeister, Ben; Katzy-Reinshagen, Anna; Weizenbaum Institute Research Group „Technology, Power, and Domination“
    The TechDo Digest is the literature overview of the research group "Technology, Power and Domination" at the Weizenbaum Institute. Every two to three months, the group curates a list of relevant new publications within their field, focussing on analyses of structures of power and domination in digitalized societies, changes to democratic processes, regulation of and through technology, and the contestation of digital technologies. This edition features articles that appeared between May and July 2023.
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    TechDo Digest 1x4: September 2023
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2023-09) Burmeister, Ben; Katzy-Reinshagen, Anna; Weizenbaum Institute Research Group „Technology, Power, and Domination“
    The TechDo Digest is the literature overview of the research group "Technology, Power and Domination" at the Weizenbaum Institute. Every two to three months, the group curates a list of relevant new publications within their field, focussing on analyses of structures of power and domination in digitalized societies, changes to democratic processes, regulation of and through technology, and the contestation of digital technologies. This edition features articles that appeared between July and September 2023.
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    TechDo Digest 1x5: December 2023
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2023-12) Burmeister, Ben; Katzy-Reinshagen, Anna; Weizenbaum Institute Research Group „Technology, Power, and Domination“
    The TechDo Digest is the literature overview of the research group "Technology, Power and Domination" at the Weizenbaum Institute. Every two to three months, the group curates a list of relevant new publications within their field, focussing on analyses of structures of power and domination in digitalized societies, changes to democratic processes, regulation of and through technology, and the contestation of digital technologies. This edition features articles that appeared between September and November 2023.
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    TechDo Digest 2x1: March 2024
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2024-03) Burmeister, Ben; Weizenbaum Institute Research Group „Technology, Power, and Domination“
    The TechDo Digest is the literature overview of the research group "Technology, Power and Domination" at the Weizenbaum Institute. Every two to three months, the group curates a list of relevant new publications within their field, focussing on analyses of structures of power and domination in digitalized societies, changes to democratic processes, regulation of and through technology, and the contestation of digital technologies. This edition features articles that appeared between December 2023 and March 2024.
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    TechDo Digest 3x1: February 2025
    (Weizenbaum Institute, 2025-02) Mayer, Max; Otto, Moritz; Weizenbaum Institute Research Group „Technology, Power, and Domination“
    The TechDo Digest is the literature overview of the research group "Technology, Power and Domination" at the Weizenbaum Institute. Every two to three months, the group curates a list of relevant new publications within their field, focussing on analyses of structures of power and domination in digitalized societies, changes to democratic processes, regulation of and through technology, and the contestation of digital technologies. This newsletter issue covers articles that were published between October 2024 and February 2025.