Weizenbaum Conference Proceedings
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Einmal jährlich findet die Weizenbaum Conference in Berlin statt. Die Conference Proceedings stellen eine Sammlung der auf der jeweiligen Konferenz präsentierten Beiträge von nationalen und internationalen Wissenschaftler:innen dar.
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- ItemAI and Inequality in Hiring and Recruiting: A Field Scan(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Dinika, Adio-Adet; Sloane, MonaThis paper provides a field scan of scholarly work on AI and hiring. It addresses the issue that there still is no comprehensive understanding of how technical, social science, and managerial scholarships around AI bias, recruiting, and inequality in the labor market intersect, particularly vis-à-vis the STEM field. It reports on a semi-systematic literature review and identifies three overlapping meta themes: productivity, gender, and AI bias. It critically discusses these themes and makes recommendations for future work
- ItemAlgorithmic Management in the Food Delivery Sector – A Contested Terrain? Evidence from a Form-Level Case-Study on Algorithmic Management and Co-Determination(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Wotschack, Philip; Hellbach, Leon; Butollo, Florian; Ziour, JordiForms of algorithmic management (AM) play an essential role in organizing food delivery work by deploying AI-based systems for coordinating driver routes. Given the risks of precarity and threats posed by AM that are typically related to (migrant) platform work, the question arises to what extent structures of co-determination are able to positively shape this type of work and the technologies involved. Based on an intense case-study in a large food delivery company, this paper is guided by three questions: (1) How is algorithm-based management and control used by the company? (2) How is it perceived by the couriers, also in relation to other aspects of their work? (3) What are the works council’s priorities, strategies, and achievements regarding co-determination practices? Contrary to the prevalent perception in the literature on the subject of AM, our analysis shows that human agency is still pivotal when algorithm-based systems are used to manage work processes. While data- and AM-related issues do not represent a central area of conflict, we find that co-determination rights in this domain can translate into a powerful bargaining resource of the works council with regard to the companies’ digital business model. Our study also shows that algorithmic management poses problems of non-transparency and information asymmetry, which calls for new forms and procedures of co-determination.
- ItemAn Interdisciplinary Exploration of Data Culture and Vocational Training(Weizenbaum Institute, 2019) Etsiwah, Bennet; Hecht, Stefanie; Hilbig, RomyIn this interdisciplinary paper we discuss the intersection of organizational data culture and vocational education and training (VET). Building on a preliminary definition of data culture and an explorative analysis of data-related value propositions in the German VET market, we analyze how VET providers address organizational challenges in the wake of big data and digitization that affect many of today’s organizations, regardless of their traditional industry. We argue that if organizations want to implement a data culture, their employees have to receive appropriate trainings that convey relevant skills and competencies.
- ItemArtistic Interventions in the ICT Industries: Legitimate Critical Practice or Empty Gestures in the Contemporary Digital Age?(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) McDermott, Fiona; Šiljak, Harun
- ItemAutofictional Documentary, Situated Knowledges, and Collective Memory: On Dear Chaemin (2020)(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Bae, CyanThe COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected communities already marginalized in pre-coronavirus societies, aggravated by socio-political technologies of racialization, sexism, homo- and transphobia. Dear Chaemin (directed by Bae, 2020) is an autofictional documentary series of three video letters sent from The Hague to the director's sister in Seoul amid isolation. The film juxtaposes the Korean and Dutch contexts of state surveillance, entangled with the b/ordering technologies against queer communities in Seoul and Asian communities in Europe. This paper explores autofictional documentary as an audiovisual method to engage with contemporary dynamics of international politics. First, I summarize the arguments made in the three chapters of the film Dear Chaemin. Second, I propose autofictional documentary as an effective cinematic mode that accounts for situated knowledges and critiques collective memories. Finally, I explore how the autofictional mode is further contextualized through the use of unconventional, non-lens-based audiovisual material.
- ItemBetween Anarchy and Order: Digital campaigning heuristics in hybrid media environments(Weizenbaum Institute, 2021) Schäfer, Andreas; Gardner, Beth Gharrity
- ItemBig Data: Inequality by Design?(Weizenbaum Institute, 2019) Prietl, BiancaThis paper proposes to tackle the problem of digital inequality by introducing digital technologies of knowledge generation and decision-making to a feminist critique of rationality that is informed by discourse theory and intersectional perspectives on gender and gendered relations of inequality. Therefore, it takes a closer look at the epistemological foundations of Big Data as one prominent representation of digital technologies. While Big Data and Big Data-based results and decisions are generally believed to be objective and neutral, numeral cases of algorithmic discrimination have lately begged to differ. This paper argues that algorithmic discrimination is neither random nor accidental; on the contrary, it is - amongst others - the result of the epistemological foundation of Big Data - namely: data fundamentalism, post-explanatory anticipatory pragmatics, and anti-political solutionism. As a consequence, a critical engagement with the concepts and premises that become materialized in the design of digital technologies is needed, if they are not to silently (re)produce social inequalities.
- Item“Can we please stop yelling at each other just because it’s the Internet?” Comparing incivility perceptions of community managers, users, and activists in online comment sections.(Weizenbaum Institute, 2021) Bormann, Marike; Heinbach, Dominique; Ziegele, Marc
- ItemChallenges of Online Participation: Digital Inequality in Party-Internal Processes(Weizenbaum Institute, 2019) Thuermer, GefionParties adopt online participation methods in the hope of engaging a wider group of participants. However, literature on the digital divide suggests that this is unlikely to happen, as online participa-tion remains dependent on the same factors as offline participation: income, class, education. Based on a mixed methods study of members of the Green Party Germany, this paper discusses the expected and actual effects of online participation tools on the participation of party members. Expectations are that these tools will benefit nearly everyone, but in practice, the goal to engage inactive members is only partially achieved: Younger members and those with lower educational attainments are mo-bilised, but women are not. These effect differ depending on the type of technology. I argue that this is an expression of the prevailing digital divide, which needs to consider not only a socio-demo-graphic divisions, but also the multifaceted effects of different technologies.
- ItemCitizen Science and the Dissolution of Inequalities in Scientific Knowledge Production(Weizenbaum Institute, 2019) Wünsche, Hannes; Schimmler, SonjaRecently, a larger public has started to critically discuss scientific knowledge and its role in political decision making. In this discussion, scientific and civic epistemologies are put into connection with each other. Just as post-democratic theory argues in relation to political decisions, the production of scientific knowledge is criticized as a non-inclusive process, too. The Citizen Science movement tries to resolve this deficit by involving citizens into research. In this paper, we introduce agency as an analytical category into the discussion, focussing on how participants are represented in Citizen Science. We highlight the interdependencies between the degree of agency granted to the participants in Citizen Science projects and the degree of their representation in knowledge production.
- ItemCollective Civic Engagement and Civic Counter Publics: Theoretical reflections upon a new phenomenon(Weizenbaum Institute, 2021) Friess, Dennis
- ItemCommunity-Governed and Community-Paid Publishing: Resilient Support for Independent Open Access Journals(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Wrzesinski, MarcelCommunity-driven open access journals foster the idea of a biblio-diverse publishing ecosystem and challenge the prevalent commercialization of academic publishing. But despite their importance, their existence is threatened. With little to no budget they operate mostly on "gifted labor" (Adema/Moore, 2018, 8) by their editorial teams and free support by public infrastructures. The first part of this article describes the model, key functions, and governance principles of community-driven open access journals within the business of global academic publishing. In promoting fair, resilient, and gratis open access, they contribute to the evolution of an inclusive and biblio-diverse publishing ecosystem. In the second part I will detail ways to support community-driven open access journals, e.g., through substantial funding, coaching, and networking. Following-up on this, I will end with introducing a network developed by the Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society that provides information materials and increases visibility for these journals.
- ItemCOVID-19 from the Margins: Narrating the COVID-19 Pandemic Through Decoloniality and Multilinguism(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Masiero, Silvia; Milan, Stefania; Treré, EmilianoBorn as a multilingual blog in May 2020, 'COVID-19 from the Margins' has offered a space for authors to voice the silenced narratives of the COVID-19 pandemic in any language chosen and representing multiple South(s) of the world (Milan & Treré, 2019). The blog became an open-access book in February 2021, and since then it has travelled across the globe to bring to light narratives of devoiced groups during COVID-19, generating debate on stories narrated by, amongst others, forced migrants, gig workers, ethnic minorities, people in economic poverty, and survivors of domestic violence. The project is divided into five sections - "Human Invisibilities and the Politics of Counting," "Perpetuated Vulnerabilities and Inequalities," "Datafied Social Policies," "Technological Reconfigurations in the Datafied Pandemic," and "Pandemic Solidarities and Resistance from Below" - which together contribute to the decolonial, multilingual project of narrating the COVID-19 pandemic through the voices of the systematically silenced. In this short paper, we reflect on the 'COVID-19 from the Margins' experience and on its meaning towards a decolonial, multilingual narration of the COVID-19 pandemic.
- ItemDefending Informational Sovereignty by Detecting Deepfakes: Risks and Opportunities of an AI-Based Detector for Deepfake-Based Disinformation and Illegal Activities(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Tahraoui, Milan; Krätzer, Christian; Dittmann, JanaThis paper will first investigate possible contributions that an AI-based detector for deepfakes could make to the challenge of responding to disinformation as a threat to democracy. Second, this paper will also investigate the implications of such a tool - which was developed, among other reasons, for security purposes - for the emerging European discourse on digital sovereignty in a global environment. While disinformation is surely not a new topic, recent technological developments relating to AI-generated deepfakes have increased the manipulative potential of video and audio-based contents spread online, making it a specific but important current challenge in the global and interconnected information context.
- ItemDigital Accountability: The Untapped Potential of Participation when Using Technology in Humanitarian Action(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Düchting, AndreaOver the past decades, digital technologies have seen a massive increase in use and have profoundly shaped the humanitarian sector. Their exponential growth has greatly increased the amount of data to be managed and accelerated the speed with which information travels (ALNAP 2022; OCHA 2021). This growth triggered discussions around the efficiency of necessary humanitarian services to respond to rising needs and sector-wide funding cuts. The request for more evidence-based programming, improved coordination, and increased accountability pushed many humanitarian organisations to ‘go digital’. […]
- ItemDigital Activists: The networking society as a democratic reality(Weizenbaum Institute, 2021) Borucki, Isabelle; Ziegler, Stine
- ItemDigital Commons as a Model for Digital Sovereignty: The Case of Cultural Heritage(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Lehmann, JörgThis contribution looks at cultural heritage institutions and their digital assets from a commons perspective. Since the beginning of digitization in the late 1990s and with the change of the medium from the analogue to the digital, the role and mission of cultural heritage institutions has changed. Challenges for managing their assets in the sense of a commons arise, on the one hand, due to the current legislation on copyright and intellectual property rights, and, on the other, because of the availability of digital cultural heritage as Big Data, which opens up possibilities for economic exploitation of these assets by private companies. Should digital assets be available open access, or should access and use be regulated? This short paper discusses the possibilities for this model of sovereign data governance within the legal regimes of intellectual property rights and the public domain.
- ItemDigital Inclusion of Low-Literate Adults: Challenging the Sequential Underpinnings of the Digital Divide(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Smit, Alexander; Swart, Joëlle; Broersma, MarcelContemporary models of digital inclusion and the digital divide assume that developing the digital literacy that enables individuals to participate in society is a sequential and linear process that is more or less similar for all individuals in all contexts and requires basic linguistic skills. This paper challenges these understandings, arguing that such a technical, normative perspective excludes marginalized and disadvantaged publics, such as low-(digital) literate citizens. Based on a longitudinal ethnographic study of low-literate Dutch adults, we show that the often-described causal relation between (digital) literacies, (digital) participation, and (digital) inclusion is not as evident as it seems and neglects the important socio-cultural contexts through which (digital) literacies are often gained and enacted in everyday practice. Consequently, we argue that current conceptualizations of (digital) inclusion and (digital) participation need to be rethought in terms of the limitations, potential, and capabilities of low-literate people.
- ItemDigital Platforms and Digital Inequality. An Analysis From Information Ethics Perspective(Weizenbaum Institute, 2019) Levina, OlgaDigital platforms are information technology artifacts that erode established market structures by providing a digital interaction space for producers and consumers. Therefore, it is argued here that digital platforms inherently support digital divide. This potential, if not governed or made visible for the involved actors, can lead and is already leading to undesired societal and ethical consequences. To derive these insights, Information Systems (IS) perspective is enriched with the Information Ethics approach and terminology. This interdisciplinary view allows considering both the technical and the social side of the problem. The analysis of interactions and roles is performed using the four ethical issues identified by Mason as a general taxonomy of ethical concerns in IS context. The identified aspects offer insights on the potentials of digital platforms that fosters digital inequality. Power asymmetries between the digital platform and its users are identified, outlining their potential for manifestation of the digital divide.
- ItemDigital Practices: Whose voices are we hearing?(Weizenbaum Institute, 2021) Schäfer, Hilmar