Digitale Märkte und Öffentlichkeiten auf Plattformen
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- ItemTwitter Explorer: A Framework for Observing Twitter through Interactive Networks(2021) Pournaki, Armin; Gaisbauer, Felix; Banisch, Sven; Olbrich, EckehardWe present an open-source interface for scientists to explore Twitter data through interactive network visualizations. Combining data collection, transformation and visualization in one easily accessible framework, the twitter explorer connects distant and close reading of Twitter data through the interactive exploration of interaction networks and semantic networks. By lowering the technological barriers of data-driven research, it aims to attract researchers from various disciplinary backgrounds and facilitates new perspectives in the thriving field of computational social science.
- ItemIdeological differences in engagement in public debate on Twitter(2021) Gaisbauer, Felix; Pournaki, Armin; Banisch, Sven; Olbrich, Eckehard; Guidi, BarbaraThis article analyses public debate on Twitter via network representations of retweets and replies. We argue that tweets observable on Twitter have both a direct and mediated effect on the perception of public opinion. Through the interplay of the two networks, it is possible to identify potentially misleading representations of public opinion on the platform. The method is employed to observe public debate about two events: The Saxon state elections and violent riots in the city of Leipzig in 2019. We show that in both cases, (i) different opinion groups exhibit different propensities to get involved in debate, and therefore have unequal impact on public opinion. Users retweeting far-right parties and politicians are significantly more active, hence their positions are disproportionately visible. (ii) Said users act significantly more confrontational in the sense that they reply mostly to users from different groups, while the contrary is not the case.
- ItemExtracting the interdisciplinary specialty structures in social media data-based research: A clustering-based network approach(2022) Fan, Yangliu; Lehmann, Sune; Blok, AndersAs science is becoming more interdisciplinary and potentially more data driven over time, it is important to investigate the changing specialty structures and the emerging intellectual patterns of research fields and domains. By employing a clustering-based network approach, we map the contours of a novel interdisciplinary domain – research using social media data – and analyze how the specialty structures and intellectual contributions are organized and evolve. We construct and validate a large-scale (N = 12,732) dataset of research papers using social media data from the Web of Science (WoS) database, complementing it with citation relationships from the Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) database. We conduct cluster analyses in three types of citation-based empirical networks and compare the observed features with those generated by null network models. Overall, we find three core thematic research subfields – interdisciplinary socio-cultural sciences, health sciences, and geo-informatics – that designate the main epicenter of research interests recognized by this domain itself. Nevertheless, at the global topological level of all networks, we observe an increasingly interdisciplinary trend over the years, fueled by publications not only from core fields such as communication and computer science, but also from a wide variety of fields in the social sciences, natural sciences, and technology. Our results characterize the specialty structures of this domain at a time of growing emphasis on big social data, and we discuss the implications for indicating interdisciplinarity.
- ItemHow to capture the relations and dynamics within the networked public sphere? Modes of interaction as a new concept(Nomos, 2022) Neuberger, Christoph; Krämer, Benjamin; Müller, Philipp
- ItemOSD2F: An Open-Source Data Donation Framework(2022) Araujo, Theo; Ausloos, Jef; van Atteveldt, Wouter; Loecherbach, Felicia; Moeller, Judith; Ohme, Jakob; Trilling, Damian; van de Velde, Bob; De Vreese, Claes H.; Welbers, Kasper
- ItemInformation processing on smartphones in public versus private(2022) Ohme, Jakob; Searles, Kathleen; De Vreese, Claes H.People increasingly turn to news on mobile devices, often while out and about, attending to daily tasks. Yet, we know little about whether attention to and learning from information on a mobile differs by the setting of use. This study builds on Multiple Resource Theory (Wickens, 1984) and the Resource Competition Framework (Oulasvirta et al., 2005) to compare visual attention to a dynamic newsfeed, varying only the setting: private or public. We use mobile eye-tracking to evaluate the effects of setting on attention and assess correspondent learning differences after exposure to the feed, which allows us to uncover a relationship between attention and learning. Findings indicate higher visual attention to mobile newsfeed posts in public, relative to a private setting. Moreover, scrolling through news on a smartphone in public attenuates some knowledge gain but is beneficial for other learning outcomes.
- ItemÖffentlich-rechtlicher Rundfunk und Plattformen: Programmatik, Prinzip, Praxis, Projekt(Nomos, 2022) Neuberger, Christoph; Gerlach, Frauke; Eilders, Christiane
- ItemModelling Spirals of Silence and Echo Chambers by Learning from the Feedback of Others(2022) Banisch, Sven; Gaisbauer, Felix; Olbrich, EckehardWhat are the mechanisms by which groups with certain opinions gain public voice and force others holding a different view into silence? Furthermore, how does social media play into this? Drawing on neuroscientific insights into the processing of social feedback, we develop a theoretical model that allows us to address these questions. In repeated interactions, individuals learn whether their opinion meets public approval and refrain from expressing their standpoint if it is socially sanctioned. In a social network sorted around opinions, an agent forms a distorted impression of public opinion enforced by the communicative activity of the different camps. Even strong majorities can be forced into silence if a minority acts as a cohesive whole. On the other hand, the strong social organisation around opinions enabled by digital platforms favours collective regimes in which opposing voices are expressed and compete for primacy in public. This paper highlights the role that the basic mechanisms of social information processing play in massive computer-mediated interactions on opinions.
- ItemDigitale Öffentlichkeit und liberale Demokratie(2022) Neuberger, Christoph
- ItemGute Wissenschaftskommunikation in der digitalen Welt. Politische, ökonomische, technische und regulatorische Rahmenbedingungen ihrer Qualitätssicherung(Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2022) Weingart, Peter; Wormer, Holger; Schildhauer, Thomas; Fähnrich, Birte; Jarren, Otfried; Neuberger, Christoph; Passoth, Jan-Hendrik; Wagner, Gert G.Die Interdisziplinäre Arbeitsgruppe „Implikationen der Digitalisierung für die Qualität der Wissenschaftskommunikation“ der BBAW hat von 2018 bis 2021 untersucht, wie sich die Qualität der Wissenschaftskommunikation unter den Bedingungen der Digitalisierung verändert und welche Herausforderungen sich aus den Veränderungen für die aufgeklärte Meinungsbildung in der Demokratie ergeben. Im vorliegenden Heft erfolgt eine Beschreibung und Analyse der Kontextfaktoren von Wissenschaftskommunikation in der digitalen Medienumwelt, der damit verbundenen wissenschaftspolitischen Veränderungen, von medienökonomischen Faktoren für die Qualitätssicherung der Wissenschaftskommunikation und der soziotechnischen Veränderungen. Es werden zudem die Herausforderungen bei der Regulierung von Plattformen zur Qualitätssicherung von Wissenschaftskommunikation skizziert und Empfehlungen für Akteur:innen des Wissenschaftssystems sowie Gesetzgeber und Regulierer formuliert.
- ItemThe paradox of knowing more and less: Audience metrics and the erosion of epistemic standards on the internet(2022) Haim, Mario; Neuberger, Christoph
- ItemÖffentlich-rechtlicher Rundfunk und Plattformen: Programmatik, Prinzip, Praxis, Projekt(Nomos, 2022) Neuberger, Christoph; Gerlach, Frauke; Eilders, Christiane
- ItemDigitale Öffentlichkeit und liberale Demokratie(Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung, 2022) Neuberger, Christoph; Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung
- ItemNews snacking and political learning: changing opportunity structures of digital platform news use and political knowledge(2023) Ohme, Jakob; Mothes, CorneliaThe increasing prevalence of news snacking – that is, the brief, intermittent attendance to news in mainly digital and mobile media contexts – has been discussed as a problematic behavior potentially leading to a less informed public. Empirical research, however, that investigates the relationship between news snacking and political knowledge is sparse. Against the background of changed opportunity structures in increasingly digital and mobile media environments, this study investigates how news snacking relates to the breadth and depth of political knowledge in society. Based on an online survey of the German population (N = 558), we examine how snacking news affects political event and background knowledge gains using different digital news platforms. Results show that users who exhibit high levels of news snacking learn substantially less from news use across different types of digital platforms.
- Item“Intervening Is a Good Thing but . . .”: The Role of Social Norms in Users’ Justifications of (Non-)Intervention Against Incivility(2023) Gagrčin, Emilija; Milzner, Miriam
- ItemSame, same but different? Explaining issue agendas of right-wing parties’ Facebook campaigns to the 2019 EP election(2023) Pfetsch, Barbara; Benert, Vivien; Heft, AnnettSocial media are important for right-wing parties to communicate with and mobilize potential voters in election campaigns. Our study focuses on the Facebook campaigns of right-wing parties in six European countries and aims to understand which issues were transnationally shared and which ones emphasize national perspectives on the agenda of the populist actors. We ask what context conditions on the party- and country-level determine the individual issue agendas. Using structural topic modelling, we analyze the communication of the Austrian FPÖ, the German AfD, the French RN, the Italian Lega, the Polish PiS, and the Swedish SD during the 2019 EP election campaign. To explain their issue agendas, we run logistic regression models testing the influence of country-specific and party-specific factors. Our analyses establish that while right-wing parties across Europe are similar in pushing a few populist issues like blaming elites and immigration, they still engage in campaigning on national politics.
- ItemDigital Trace Data Collection for Social Media Effects Research: APIs, Data Donation, and (Screen) Tracking(2023) Ohme, Jakob; Araujo, Theo; Boeschoten, Laura; Freelon, Deen; Ram, Nilam; Reeves, Byron B.; Robinson, Thomas N.
- ItemCOVID-19 and the Internet: Lessons Learned(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2023) Stocker, Volker; Lehr, William; Smaragdakis, Georgios; Whalley, Jason; Stocker, Volker; Lehr, WilliamThe COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the ‘real’ world and substantially impacted the virtual world and thus the Internet ecosystem. It has caused a significant exogenous shock that offers a wealth of natural experiments and produced new data about broadband, clouds, and the Internet in times of crisis. In this chapter, we characterise and evaluate the evolving impact of the global COVID-19 crisis on traffic patterns and loads and the impact of those on Internet performance from multiple perspectives. While we place a particular focus on deriving insights into how we can better respond to crises and better plan for the post-COVID-19 ‘new nor- mal’, we analyse the impact on and the responses by different actors of the Internet ecosystem across different jurisdictions. With a focus on the USA and Europe, we examine the responses of both public and private actors, with the latter including content and cloud providers, content delivery networks, and Internet service providers (ISPs). This chapter makes two contributions: first, we derive lessons learned for a future post- COVID-19 world to inform non-networking spheres and policy-making; second, the insights gained assist the networking community in better planning for the future.
- ItemThe digital transformation of knowledge order: a model for the analysis of the epistemic crisis(2023) Neuberger, Christoph; Bartsch, Anne; Fröhlich, Romy; Hanitzsch, Thomas; Reinemann, Carsten; Schindler, Johanna
- ItemProceedings of the Weizenbaum Conference 2023. AI, Big Data, Social Media and People on the Move(Weizenbaum Institute, 2023) Berendt, Bettina; Krzywdzinski, Martin; Kuznetsova, ElizavetaThe contributions focus on the question of what role different digital technologies play for “people on the move” - with “people on the move” being understood both spatially (migration and flight) and in terms of economic and social change (changing working conditions, access conditions). The authors discuss phenomena such as disinformation and algorithmic bias from different perspectives, and the possibilities, limits and dangers of generative artificial intelligence.
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